Chemical engineers

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Chemical engineers apply the principles of chemistry and engineering to solve problems involving the production or use of chemicals, building a bridge between science and manufacturing. They design equipment and develop processes for large-scale chemical manufacturing, plan and test methods of manufacturing the products and treating the by-products, and supervise production. Chemical engineers work in a variety of manufacturing industries other than chemical manufacturing, such as producing electronics, photographic equipment, clothing, and pulp and paper. They also work in the health-care, biotechnology and business services industries.

The knowledge and duties of chemical engineers overlap many fields. Chemical engineers apply principles of chemistry, physics, mathematics, and mechanical and electrical engineering. They frequently specialize in a particular operation such as oxidation or polymerization. Others specialize in a particular area, such as pollution control or the production of specific products such as fertilizers and pesticides, automotive plastics or chlorine bleach. They must be aware of all aspects of chemicals manufacturing and how it affects the environment, and the safety of workers and customers. Because chemical engineers use computer technology to optimize all phases of research and production, they need to understand how to apply computer skills to process analysis, automated control systems and statistical quality control.

Job outlook

Chemical engineering graduates may face competition for jobs as the number of openings in traditional fields is projected to be lower than the number of graduates. Employment of chemical engineers is projected to grow more slowly than the average for all occupations though 2010.

Although overall employment in the chemical manufacturing industry is expected to decline, chemical companies will continue to research and develop new chemicals and more efficient processes to increase output of existing chemicals, resulting in some new jobs for chemical engineers. Among manufacturing industries, specialty chemicals, plastics materials, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and electronics may provide the best opportunities. Much of the projected growth in employment of chemical engineers, however, will be in non-manufacturing industries, especially services industries such as research and testing services.

Earnings

Chemical engineers held about 33,000 jobs in 2000. Manufacturing industries employed 73% of all chemical engineers, primarily in the chemicals, electronics, petroleum refining, paper and related industries. Most others worked for engineering services, research and testing services or consulting firms that design chemical plants. Some also worked on a contract basis for government agencies or as independent consultants.

Median annual earnings of chemical engineers were $65,960 in 2000.

According to a 2001 salary survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, bachelor's degree candidates in chemical engineering received starting offers averaging $51,073 a year, master's degree candidates averaged $57,221, and Ph.D. candidates averaged $75,521.

Related links

For more information about chemical engineers:

American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5901.

American Chemical Society, Department of Career Services, 1155 16th St. NW, Washington, DC 20036.

Adapted from the Labor Department's Occupational Outlook Handbook.